The Košetice Observatory was established in 1988 and is operated by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). The station serves as a part of the Central and Eastern European region of the Stockholm Convention‘s Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This observatory is a part of the EMEP (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Programme) background monitoring program. Košetice observatory represents a typical Central European background site. Košetice observatory in the Czech Republic is the only site where POPs are also determined in other environmental matrices, such as surface waters, sediments, soils, mosses, and needles. POPs monitoring program was established in Košetice in 1988, and high volume air samples are collected once a week for 24 hours. Polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides and polyaromatic hydrocarbons are determined in all samples in the laboratories of the RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno. This provides most complete data on POPs contamination of the background atmosphere applicable to all Central and Eastern European region. Besides the air, all wet deposition events are sampled, and samples of other environmental matrices are collected and analysed yearly. Data from an integrated monitoring in the Košetice observatory are used to assess the long-term trends in the European background levels of persistent organic pollutants in various environmental matrices. As can be seen from the results, most of selected compounds exhibit decreasing trends. Results of the project proved that the long-term background monitoring is not only an excellent way to study the regional levels and trends but also a powerful tool for evaluation of an impact of various local, regional or global events – from industrial accidents to natural disasters. As such, it has a crucial role in the effectiveness evaluation of various global measures and international conventions focused on persistent toxic substances, reduction of their emissions and environmental impacts. This dataset includes data for a period from 1988 to 2020 and is planned to be updated every 6 months, in June and December. More information about Košetice observatory https://www.recetox.muni.cz/en/services/recetox-central-laboratories/environmental-monitoring-networks https://www.actris-ri.cz/en/menu/naok/kosetice-observatory/ POPs analysed within Košetice project (CAS number in brackets) are: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) naphthalene (91-20-3), acenaphthylene (208-96-8), acenaphthene (83-32-9), fluorene (86-73-7), phenanthrene (85-01-8), anthracene (120-12-7), fluoranthene (206-44-0), pyrene (129-00-0), benzo(a)anthracene (56-55-3), chrysene (218-01-9), benzo(b)fluoranthene (205-99-2), benzo(k)fluoranthene (207-08-9), benzo(a)pyrene (50-32-8), indeno(123cd)pyrene (193-39-5), dibenz(ah)anthracene (53-70-3), benzo(ghi)perylene (191-24-2), biphenyl (92-52-4), retene (483-65-8), benzo(b)fluorene (243-17-4), benzo-naphto-thiophene (239-35-0), benzo(ghi)fluoranthene (203-12-3), cyclopenta(cd)pyrene (27208-37-3), triphenylene (217-59-4), benzo(j)fluoranthene (205-82-3), benzo(e)pyrene (192-97-2), perylene (198-55-0), dibenz(ac)anthracene (215-58-7), anthanthrene (191-26-4), coronene (191-07-1) Indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) PCB 118 (31508-00-6), PCB 28 (7012-37-5), PCB 52 (35693-99-3), PCB 101 (37680-73-2), PCB 138 (35065-28-2), PCB 153 (35065-27-1), PCB 180 (35065-29-3) Basic organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) alpha-HCH (319-84-6), beta-HCH (319-85-7), gamma-HCH (58-89-9), delta-HCH (319-86-8), o,p'-DDE (3424-82-6), p,p'-DDE (72-55-9), o,p'-DDD (53-19-0), p,p'-DDD (72-54-8), o,p'-DDT (789-02-6), p,p'-DDT (50-29-3), PeCB (608-93-5), HCB (118-74-1) Elements and metals As (7440-38-2), Cd (7440-43-9), Co (7440-48-4), Cr (7440-47-3), Cu (7440-50-8), Hg (7439-97-6), Mn (7439-96-5), Mo (7439-98-7), Ni (7440-02-0), Pb (7439-92-1), Sb (7440-36-0), V (7440-62-2), Zn (7440-66-6) Currently used pesticides (CUPs) acetochlor (34256-82-1), alachlor (15972-60-8), atrazine (1912-24-9), azinphos methyl (86-50-0), carbaryl (63-25-2), carbendazim (10605-21-7), clopyralid (1702-17-6), diazinon (333-41-5), dimethachlor (50563-36-5), dimethoate (60-51-5), disulfoton (298-04-4), diuron (330-54-1), fenitrothion (122-14-5), fenoxaprop ethyl (9015-56-9), fenpropimorph (67564-91-4), florasulam (145701-23-), fluroxypyr (69377-81-7), fonofos (944-22-9), chlorpyrifos (2921-88-2), chlorsulphuron (64902-72-3), chlortoluron (15545-48-9), isoproturon (34123-59-6), malathion (121-75-5), metamitron (41394-05-2), metazachlor (67129-08-2), metholachlor (51218-45-2), metribuzin (21087-64-9), parathion metyl (298-00-0), pendimethalin (40487-42-1), phosmet (732-11-6), pirimicarb (23103-98-2), prochloraz (67747-09-5), propiconazole (60207-90-1), pyrazon (1698-60-8), simazine (122-34-9), tebuconazole (107534-96-3), temephos (3383-96-8), terbufos (13071-79-9), terbuthylazine (5915-41-3), tribenuron-metyl (101200-48-0) Dioxin-like PCBs PCB 77 (32598-13-3), PCB 81 (70362-50-4), PCB 105 (32598-14-4), PCB 114 (74472-37-0), PCB 118 (31508-00-6), PCB 123 (65510-44-3), PCB 126 (57465-28-8), PCB 156 (38380-08-4), PCB 157 (69782-90-7), PCB 167 (52663-72-6), PCB 169 (32774-16-6), PCB 189 (39635-31-9) HBCDs alpha-HBCD (134237-50-6), beta-HBCD (134237-51-7), gamma-HBCD (134237-52-8), delta-HBCD (3194-55-6) Novel BFRs alpha-TBCO (3194-57-8), alpha-TBECH (3322-93-8), anti-DP (135821-74-8), TBP-BAE (NA), beta-TBCO (3194-57-9), beta-TBECH (3322-93-9), BTBPE (37853-59-1), DBDPE (84852-53-9), TBP-DBPE (35109-60-5), HBB (87-82-1), DBHCTD (51936-55-1), PBBZ (NA), PBEB (85-22-3), PBT (87-83-2), TBX (23488-38-2), syn-DP (135821-03-3), TBCT (39569-21-6), T23BPIC (52434-90-9) OCPs heptachlor (76-44-8), heptachlor epoxide cis- (= exo, B) (1024-57-3), heptachlor epoxide trans- (= endo, A) (28044-83-9), aldrin (309-00-2), dieldrin (60-57-1), endrin (72-20-8), endrin aldehyde (7421-93-4), endrin ketone (53494-70-5), isodrin (465-73-6), oxychlordane (27304-13-8), trans-Chlordane (= gamma) (5103-74-2), cis-Chlordane (= alpha) (5103-71-9), endosulfan I (= alpha) (959-98-8), endosulfan II (= beta) (33213-65-9), endosulfansulfate (1031-07-8), chlordecone (143-50-0), methoxychlor (72-43-5), mirex (2385-85-5) PCDDs/Fs 2378-TCDF (51207-31-9), 12378-PeCDF (57117-41-6), 23478-PeCDF (57117-31-4), 123478-HxCDF (70648-26-9), 123678-HxCDF (57117-44-9), 234678-HxCDF (60851-34-5), 123789-HxCDF (72918-21-9), 1234678-HpCDF (67562-39-4), 1234789-HpCDF (55673-89-7), OCDF (39001-02-0), 2378-TCDD (1746-01-6), 12378-PeCDD (40321-76-4), 123478-HxCDD (39227-28-6), 123678-HxCDD (57653-85-7), 123789-HxCDD (19408-74-3), 1234678-HpCDD (35822-46-9), OCDD (3268-87-9) PBBs moBB 3 (92-66-0), diBB 15 (92-86-4), triBB 18 (NA), teBB 52 (NA), peBB 101 (NA), hxBB 153 (59080-40-9), hpBB 180 (67733-52-2), ocBB 194 (67889-00-3), noBB 206 (69278-62-2), deBB 209 (NA) PBDEs PBDE 28 (41318-75-6), PBDE 47 (5436-43-1), PBDE 66 (189084-61-5), PBDE 85 (182346-21-0), PBDE 99 (60348-60-9), PBDE 100 (189084-64-8), PBDE 153 (68631-49-2), PBDE 154 (207122-15-4), PBDE 183 (207122-16-5), PBDE 209 (1163-19-5) PFCs PFBA (375-22-4), PFPA (2706-90-3), PFHxA (307-24-4), PFHpA (375-85-9), PFOA (335-67-1), PFNA (375-95-1), PFDA (335-76-2), PFUnDA (4234-23-5), PFDoDA (307-55-1), PFTrDA (72629-94-8), PFTeDA (376-06-7), PFBS (375-73-5), PFHxS (355-46-4), PFHpS (375-92-8), PFOS (1763-23-1), PFDS (335-77-3), MeFOSA (31506-32-8), EtFOSA (4151-50-2), FOSA (754-91-6), MeFOSE (24448-09-7), EtFOSE (1691-99-2) Microbiological parameters microbial biomass, extracellular extractable carbon, basal soil respiration, substrate-induced respiration

Data from Asia and Pacific contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air, human tissue - breast milk and surface water; for water-soluble fluorinated POPs only (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride). The data was mainly collected over the period between 2008 and 2014. However, some earlier data related to the historical importance were presented and briefly described. Asia-Pacific Region is located in tropical, sub-tropical temperate and sub-arctic climate area, with many countries under the strong influence of the monsoon climate. The region is characterized by huge agricultural and industrial activities to support large number of people, about 59% of the world population. In the Asia-Pacific Region, several international and national POPs monitoring programmes on air and human milk are available. For the air, passive sampling was conducted in Fiji in collaboration with RECETOX (Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Brno, Czech Republic). In POPs Monitoring Project in East Asian Countries which is initiated by Japan, sampling was operated in ten countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). In China and Japan, some ambient POPs air monitoring programmes are performed. For human milk, China (including Hong Kong SAR of China), Fiji, Kiribati, Philippines and Tonga have been involved in 3rd or 4th round WHO human milk survey. China, India and Japan also have some national POPs monitoring programmes on human milk and/or blood. In addition to data on core media, the monitoring data on non-core media, such as water, were also collected. The region collaborated with the following programmes and strategic partners to obtain data on core media: • Chemicals in Environment (Ministry of the Environment, Japan) • China National POPs Monitoring • Environmental Survey of Dioxins (Ministry of the Environment, Japan) • GMP UNEP - WHO Milk Survey • POPs Monitoring Project in East Asian Countries • UNU (United Nations University, Japan) • PFOS in water around Bangkok, data in paper of Boontanon et al. (2013) Monitoring report developed by the regional organization groups and global coordination group to support the periodic evaluations of the effectiveness of Convention can be find here:

The GMP2 CEE Region dataset contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air and human tissue - breast milk. The second global data collection that can be seen in this dataset was held during 2013–2014 and it contained information on 24 POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention when the second global data collection took place. The data were sampled between 2008 and 2014, however also older data were reported. According to the UN structure, the region of Central and Eastern Europe consists of 23 countries. For the purpose of the first evaluation, 5 countries of the Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) were added to the CEE regional report. There is no current production of POPs in the CEEC region. The main sources of POP pollution are obsolete and unused pesticides (including the ones with POPs properties) in agriculture, POPs-containing equipment, use of industrial technologies resulting in unintentional releases of dioxins and furans and formation of dioxins and furans in the open combustion. The only long-term monitoring program focused on POPs in ambient air performed in the CEE region is the integrated monitoring program at Košetice observatory in the Czech Republic which is also a part of EMEP background monitoring. Monitoring effort has been coordinated on the international (UN ECE/EMEP; Nordic Environment Research Programmes; Swedish Baltic Programme), national (Czech Republic in all environmental matrices and human tissues for more than 20 years), and local bases (City of Gdansk; Krakow) and carried out by the individual research institutions and governmental authorities according to their competence. These are often Hydrometeorological or Environmental institutes responsible also for reporting, including the international reporting. The region collaborated mainly with the following programmes and strategic partners: • AMAP (Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme) • EMEP (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Programme) • GAPS (Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling network) • GMP UNEP – WHO Milk Survey • Kosetice (national programme in the Czech Republic, part of EMEP, GAPS and MONET monitoring) • MONET (Passive sampling MOnitoring NETwork) Except for the Czech Republic, no systematic and regular human biomonitoring of POPs has been performed in the Central and Eastern European countries since 1998. With regards to dioxins, dl-PCBs and marker PCBs, the 3rd and 4th round of WHO-coordinated exposure studies have given the most reliable results because, in spite of a small number of milk samples, the samples were collected, stored and shipped according to a WHO protocol and pooled samples were analyzed by the same laboratory meeting the strict QA/QC criteria.

The GMP2 International waters dataset contains data and information from Cruises on POPs in surface water; for water-soluble fluorinated POPs only (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride). Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have emerged as significant global environmental pollutants with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. The data for this dataset was collected in various scientific papers. Data were sampled between years 2005 and 2011. These studies aimed to investigate global PFC distribution and levels in water environment around the Earth. The list of cruises described in presented papers: • Alcor (Kirchgeorg et al. 2010) • Amundsen (Benskin et al. 2012) • ANTXXV (Ahrens et al. 2010a) • ANTXXVII/1 (Zhao et al. 2012) • ANTXXVII/2 (Zhao et al. 2012) • ARK-XXIV/3 (Zhao et al. 2012) • Endeavor (Benskin et al. 2012) • Ga 442 (Theobald et al. 2011) • Ga 446 (Theobald et al. 2011) • Malaspina (González-Gaya et al. 2014) • Maria S. Merian 2007 (Ahrens et al. 2009) • Maria S. Merian 2008 (Kirchgeorg et al. 2010) • Oden 2005 (Benskin et al. 2012) • Oden 2007 (Benskin et al. 2012) • Polarstern 2007 (Ahrens et al. 2009) • Polarstern 2008 (Ahrens et al. 2010b) • Snow Dragon (Cai et al. 2012) List of papers: • Ahrens, L., Barber, J. L., Xie, Z., Ebinghaus, R. (2009). Longitudinal and latitudinal distribution of perfluoroalkyl compounds in the surface water of the Atlantic Ocean. Environmental Science and Technology, 43(9), 3122–7. DOI: 10.1021/es803507p • Ahrens, L., Gerwinski, W., Theobald, N., Ebinghaus, R. (2010b). Sources of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Norwegian Sea: Evidence from their spatial distribution in surface water. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60(2), 255–60. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.09.013 • Ahrens, L., Xie, Z., Ebinghaus, R. (2010a). Distribution of perfluoroalkyl compounds in seawater from northern Europe, Atlantic Ocean, and Southern Ocean. Chemosphere, 78(8), 1011–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.038 • Benskin, J. P., Muir, D. C. G., Scott, B. F., Spencer, C., De Silva, A. O., Kylin, H., et al. (2012). Perfluoroalkyl acids in the Atlantic and Canadian Arctic Oceans. Environmental Science and Technology, 46(11), 5815–23. DOI: 10.1021/es300578x • Cai, M., Zhao, Z., Yin, Z., Ahrens, L., Huang, P., Cai, M., et al. (2012). Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl compounds in surface waters from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean. Environmental Science and Technology, 46(2), 661–8. DOI: 10.1021/es2026278 • González-Gaya, B., Dachs, J., Roscales, J. L., Caballero, G., Begona, J. (2014). Perfluoroalkylated Substances in the Global Tropical and Subtropical Surface Oceans. Environmental Science and Technology, 48(22), 13076–84. DOI: 10.1021/es503490z • Kirchgeorg, T., Weinberg, I., Dreyer, A., Ebinghaus, R. (2010). Perfluorinated compounds in marine surface waters: data from the Baltic Sea and methodological challenges for future studies. Environmental Chemistry, 7(5), 429–34. DOI: 10.1071/EN10039 • Theobald, N., Caliebe, C., Gerwinski, W., Hühnerfuss, H., Lepom, P. (2011). Occurrence of perfluorinated organic acids in the North and Baltic seas. Part 1: distribution in sea water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 18(7), 1057–69. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0451-2 • Zhao, Z., Xie, Z., Möller, A., Sturm, R., Tang, J., Zhang, G., Ebinghaus, R. (2012). Distribution and long-range transport of polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Arctic, Atlantic Ocean and Antarctic coast. Environmental Pollution, 170, 71–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.06.004

The GMP3 WEOG dataset contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air, human matrices (milk and blood) and surface water. Data from the third global data collection comes from 2014 to 2019. The presented dataset also contains data collected within earlier campaigns (1 and 2; collected till 2008 and 2014). Substances that are monitored within GMP are defined by the Stockholm Convention. The region collaborated mainly with the following programmes and strategic partners: • Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) • European Monitoring and Evaluation programme (EMEP) • Great Lakes Basin (GLB) • Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN) • WHO human milk survey

The GMP2 WEOG dataset contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air, human tissue - breast milk and surface water; for water-soluble fluorinated POPs only (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride). The second global data collection that can be seen in this dataset was held during 2013–2014 and it contained information on 23 POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention when the second global data collection took place. The data were sampled between 2008 and 2014, however also older data were reported. The region is not a coherent geographical unit. Its membership is divided into three continents, and The Western European and Others Group (WEOG) is composed of twenty-eight nations in Western Europe, North America, and Australasia. The WEOG ROG report is based entirely upon existing monitoring programmes. Although it is difficult to provide a good categorization, the following illustrates the range of objectives observed from the programmes contributing to the WEOG report: • Studies aimed to investigate levels and / or processes in areas close to historical local sources of POPs (e.g. HELCOM and studies in the Great Lakes region of North America such as IADN). • Studies aimed to investigate levels and / or processes in areas distant from local sources of POPs where long-range transport and other processes are believed to be important in determining environmental levels and / or human exposure (e.g. AMAP; and NCP). • Studies aimed at understanding regional and / or global transport (e.g., EMEP and GAPS) • Studies aimed at providing a wide survey of levels (e.g., WHO coordinated human milk surveys). The region collaborated with the following programmes and strategic partners to obtain data on core media: • AMAP - Arctic monitoring and Assessment Programme • EMEP - European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme • GAPS - Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling network • GMP UNEP – WHO Milk survey • IADN - Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (USA) • MONET - (Passive sampling MOnitoring NETwork) • NCP - Northern Contaminants Program (Canada) (Part of AMAP) • TOMPS - The UK Toxic Organic Micro-Pollutants Programme

The GMP2 GRULAC dataset contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air, human tissue - breast milk and surface water; for water-soluble fluorinated POPs only (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride). The second global data collection that can be seen in this dataset was held during 2013–2014 and it contained information on 23 POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention when the second global data collection took place. The data were sampled between 2008 and 2014, however also older data were reported. The Latin America and the Caribbean Region (GRULAC) includes 33 countries, comprising a surface area greater than 20 million square kilometres (ENCARTA, 2002), contains four subregions – Andean, Caribbean, Mesoamerica and Southern Cone – each having special features and rich biodiversity. Most of the countries are parties of the Stockholm Convention and some are signatories; however, only 10 out 33 countries have completed their national implementation plans (Argentina, Barbados, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Saint Lucia, Uruguay), including emission inventories for dioxins and furans, PCBs inventories and legacy persistent organic pollutant pesticides stockpiles. The region faces many problems related to pollution including persistent organic pollutants. The rich biodiversity, extreme climatic conditions, and notable differences in socio-economic development in the region require that monitoring efforts have large spatial resolution. Data coming from monitoring programmes were obtained from the GAPS and WHO Human milk survey, and specific national surveillance studies: • GAPS (Global Air Monitoring Passive Sampling) • GMP UNEP – WHO-human milk survey

GMP2 Africa Region dataset contains information on POPs concentrations in ambient air, human tissue - breast milk and surface water; for water-soluble fluorinated POPs only (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride). The second global data collection that can be seen in this dataset was held during 2013–2014 and it contained information on 23 POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention when the second global data collection took place. The data were sampled between 2008 and 2014, however also older data were reported. The Africa Region is characterized by six different climatic zones that have influence on the movement and distribution of POPs. In addition, except for large deserts in Northern and Southern Africa, the regions face challenges associated with hot and humid climatic conditions that promote growth of a myriad of pests and disease vectors. POPs have therefore been used in many sectors including agriculture, industry and public health to control pests and diseases. The region collaborated with the following programmes and strategic partners to obtain data on core media: • the MONET-Africa project coordinated by the Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Brno, Czech Republic (RECETOX), • the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) programme coordinated by Environment Canada, • the World Health Organization (WHO) – Milk survey